Cixi & Qing China: a timeline

1644: 4.24.1644: Manchus capture Beijing

1644: 6.6.1644: Shunzhi emperor declared the first emperor of the Qing dynasty

1661: 2.5.1661: Shunzhi succeeded by his third son the Kangxi emperor

1722: 2.8.1722: Kangxi emperor succeeded by his fourth son the Yongzheng emperor

1796: 2.7.1796: Qianlong emperor abdicates in favor of his son the Jiaqing emperor

1820: 2.2.1820: Jiaqing emperor succeeded by his second son the Daoguang emperor

1831: the Xianfeng emperor’s reign begins

1835: 11.29.1835: birth of Yehenara

1839: 3.18.1839: First Opium War with Britain begins

1842: 8.29.1842: Treaty of Nanjing is signed, ending the First Opium War and ceding Hong Kong to Britain.

1850: 1.11.1850: Taiping Rebellion begins, with rebels proclaiming the establishment of the Taiping Heavenly Kingdom

1860: 10.18.1860: Second Opium War begins with Britain

1860: 10.24.1860: Anglo French forces capture Beijing

1861: 2.25.1861: Treaty of Beijing is signed, ending the Second Opium War and opening more Chinese ports to foreign trade

1875: 2.12.1875: Treaty of Saint Petersburg is signed between Russia and China giving Russia control over Outer Mongolia

1894: 7.25.1894: First Sino-Japanese War begins between China and Japan

1895: 4.17.1895: Treaty of Shimonoseki is signed, ending the First Sino-Japanese War and ceding Taiwan and other territories to Japan

1900: 6.20.1900: Boxer Rebellion begins, with Boxers attacking foreign embassies in Beijing

1901: 9.7.1901: Boxer Protocol is signed, ending the Boxer Rebellion and imposing heavy reparations on China

1908: 11.14.1908: death of the Guangxu emperor, succeeded by Puyi

1911: 10.10.1911: Wuchang Uprising begins, leading to the collapse of the Qing Dynasty and the establishment of the Republic of Ching